Outlining Two Theories of Development Essay - 1288 Words

Theories of child development have been researched and published over the years. These researches have been done by popular theorists four of whom are Piaget (1896 –1980), Vygotsky (1896 –1934), Ausubel (1918 –2008) and Kohlberg (1927 –1987). First and foremost let me define the term theory. A theory is a collection of related statements; the principal function of which is to summarize and explain observations. It is in a sense an invention designed to make sense of what we know or suspect. Developmental theory on the other hand is a systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a coherent framework for understanding how and why people change as they grow older. The writer in her essay will outline two theories of†¦show more content†¦Law and order, one sees a given social issue from the perspective of a fixed system of laws and beliefs. Social contract, Here, one is concerned that obligations be based on calculations of ove rall utility, what is really good for all. Universal Principles, what is right is following self chosen ethical principles based on judgments that are universal, irreversible, and consistent. His theory holds that moral reasoning, which is the basis for ethical behavior, has six identifiable developmental constructive stages - each more adequate at responding to moral dilemmas than the last. In studying these, Kohlberg followed the development of moral judgment far beyond the ages originally studied earlier by Piaget, who also claimed that logic and morality develop through constructive stages. Expanding considerably upon this groundwork, it was determined that the process of moral development was principally concerned with justice and that its development continued throughout the lifespan, even spawning dialogue of philosophical implications of such research. Kohlberg studied moral reasoning by presenting subjects with moral dilemmas. He would then categorize and classify the reasoning used in the responses into one of six distinct stages, grouped into three levels: pre-conventional, conventionalShow MoreRelatedThe Creation Of The Presidency1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe Creation of the Presidency by Charles C. Thach is a historical analysis of the development of American Constitutional principles. The author begins by stating that the basis for American government is one that balances individual freedom and governmental strength. The moral foundations of American government are founded on the ideas of natural rights, government by contract, consent of the governed, and the right to revolt. However, the Revolutionary War at the time illuminated the need for aRead MoreEssay Kant vs. Mill: Human Rights and Utilitarianism1729 Words   |  7 Pageshave been shaped by several factors, including philosophical theories in the past. 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