Use Of Maya Dynamics In Animation Cultural Studies Essay

Use Of Maya Dynamics In Animation Cultural Studies EssayThis dissertation focuses on Maya Dynamics Technology. How far this technology be used in life force.How does the output house carry out complex dynamic simulations.The author will breifly depict how the simulations was acheived in his construe.How other beginers cigaret acheive a better output.Basic production skills to take dynamic simulations.At the end the author breifly describe about the upcoming cg softw ars based on his research industrial plant.This dissertation is primarly based on myMy personal experience.My take up on Maya Dynamics.Researches carried out.This dissertation will breifly describe completely about maya dynamics technology and an indepth variant of technologies used in this project.Maya fluids.Blast codeNatfx human beingsThis dissertaion asks and begins to answer the following questions.The use of Maya Dynamics in animation.How to carry out complex dynamic simulations. To specify Maya dynamic s To explain several(a) orderolagies and techniques in maya dynamics. How to reduce concede time in Maya dynamics simulation. The trounce possible behavior to render Maya dynamics. An overview of how maya dynamics atomic number 18 pretended in the studio apartments. Analyze the best CG simulations achieved in movies. Recomendations based on my study.Research Methodology Analyzing the real time simulations. Describtion of how it was carried out in movies. Describtion about the best possible way to achieve it.Gathering other peoples experiences.SUMMARYChapter 4 What is Maya dynamics? An in depth view on Maya dynamics. Techniques used in my project.Chapter 5Study of volleys.Methods to throw an explosion for a short film.Chapter 6 How does the studios carry out simulations. The best possible way a freelancer or a educatee can achieve thier desired simulation in the best possible timeChapter 7In depth knoweldge about project Superfortress.Chapter 8 afterlife developments.Chap ter 9 Reports and conclusions.Chapter 10 BibilographyReview of LiteratureChapter 4IntroductionThis chapter shortly describes about Dynamics. A study of techniques in dynamics, and breif describtion about the techniques used in the project.Introductionso what is Maya Dynamics?Dynamics is an Autodesk Maya softw argon that depends on laws and theories of physics to let us simulate natural forces in the animation. much(prenominal) as rain, smoke, fire, explosions,colliding objects etc.The animation is achevied by creating required elements in a scene and connecting them to in cast forces in Maya to achieve required simulations.such as creating expressions,fields,collisions,goals etc..Maya dynamics can also be specify as the animation of soft bodies, molecules and set(p) bodies.Study of Maya Dynamics technologyRigid bodiesRigid body are defined as those surfaces that doesnt deform its mildew when it collide with another object.A few examples in real world would be billard balls and ca rroms .Rigid body technique in maya provides the simulation of geometric elements in a dynamically giveled enviornment using collision based system in Maya.There are two types of rigid bodiesActive and Passive rigid bodies.Active rigid body are created for colliding with another surface and for simulating in a realistic manner.They have the ability to move, spin, rotate and collide with passive objects.Difference amidst brisk rigid body and passive rigid body.ActivePassivecan be keyframedYesNorespond to collisionsNoYesaffectd by fieldsNoYesParticlesMaya particles are those objects that have no volume or size.They are basically reference points simulated, animated, and renderd seperatly.Like any other nodes in maya , particles also contain nodes that contain attributes which can be used for controlling individual particles.Nodes contain array, ramps , scripts and expressions.How does Maya particles differ from Maya geome punctuate?Particles are points in space which require specia l care while rendering.Particles can only be renderd out using software or hardware rendering methodsFieldsFields are the natural forces in nature that are manupilated in Autodesk maya.Such as gravity,wind,turbulance,air etc..that increases particle simulation and optic of the scene in a better way.Particle expressionsOne of the most powerful and infinite method of controlling particle parameters.Particles expressions depends on Mel syntax.Few examples of Particle expressions areThe first expressions determines the life time and the second expression determines the color of simulated particles in a maya scene.particleShape1.lifespanPP=time*1particleShape1.rgbPP=rand(0,1)GoalsGoals are a very strong method of animating the particles.Goals work more like a huge magnet that attract particles towards it or goals are considerd as the destination point for the particles.Goals have thier own attributes specifically designed for goal based simulation.Particle instancingParticle instancing control the motion and simulation of the instanced object created in Maya.Particle instancing are uesd for creating multiple objects that folllow their parents simulation.One example is Thousands of arrows scene up in the sky.How to render out particles in Maya?Now here is a frequent question asked by freshers.What good is it to simulate the particles in maya and doesnt have the knowledge to render it out .Maya provides two option to render particle simulation.Software renderingHardware renderingsoftware renderingThis technique allows for scene integration of particles and other renderd objects.Software renderd particles have glows, shadows, and lighting executions.Hardware renderingHardware rendering is one of the quickest method of image creation in maya.But these images are taken to compositing softwares for compositing with the rest of the scene.In depth study of Maya Dynamics techniques used in the projectTechniques used in the projectFluidsParticle InstancingMaya FluidsMaya fluids are widely used for creating fluid simulations.Maya fluid box contains emiiter and container which supports the creation and simulations of smoke,fire,clouds,explosions etc..this chapter brefily describes about the use of containers , how to create a reaction and how to render it out.Fluid containersFluid containers visually represents a small scene in spite of appearance a maya scene.They are best used for creation of fire ,clouds and explosions.Fluids are generated inside the container by an emitter or by painting the fluid inside the container.The simulation happens only inside the container.Dynamic forces are consequently connected to the container for better simulations.There are two types of container in maya2d container3d container3d conatiner2d containerBoth work in the same way but the only difference between them is 2d containers are flat and they simulate much faster where as 3d containers are cubical volumes and will take time for them to simulate.3d containers 3d containers have depth ,height and width.Which obviously increases the render time.The best possible way to start working in a 3d conatiner is by setting its shutdown at 20,20,20 intially and grdually increasing accordigly.One important thing in 3d container is that the size and resolution are proportional to each other.If the container size is 10,20,10 then resolution should be set to 20,40,20, or 5,10,5.Other wise the fluids will get strecthed and simulation appears strecthed.But ofcourse there are whatever instances when they can be alterd.(Above) size and resolutionChapter 5This chapter decribes the study of explosions i have conducted for my project.Object of ResearchThe series of research reported in this document is the study of physical phenomenon, the visual of an explosion and the after answer of the situvation that happens when an explosion occours.This includes study of the destructions of contrastive shaped explosions , and the turbulence that occours during the t ime of ignition, as well as a study of damage occured and its after personal effects such as fire and smoke.What is an explosion?An explosion can be defined as a sudden bursting or blowing apart caused by energy released from a very fast escape of gases under jam, or from a very fast chemical reaction or a atomic reaction. Which in subject produces a shock wave, loud noise, heat and light.What are the different types of Explosions?Explosions are classified into three categories.Mechanical ExplosionsChemical ExplosionsNuclear ExplosionsMechanical ExplosionsThe gradual realize up of gases and jam inside a pres convinced(predicate) cooker.When the safety printing press valve is destroyed, blocked or eliminated intense amount of heat is generated.Mechanical explosion results from impulsive combustion created by dust in a grain storage bin.Chemical ExplosionsChemical explosions are caused by extremely rapid con translation of real or liquid explosive compound into gases which has highly increased volume compared to the original compound.All manufactured explosives are chemical explosions.The explosion rate is also fast that it takes only a micro second to create intense heat and pressure.Nuclear ExplosionsMay only be induced by any fission (splitting of nuclei of atom) or fusion (joining nuclei of atoms under great force).When the action occurs tremendous energy, heat, gas and shock takes place creating a blast equivalent to 40 jillion pounds of high explosive.A nuclear explosion occurs as a result of the rapid release of energy from an intentionally high speed nuclear reaction.The explosion of an atomic bomb.Visual of an ExplosionThe effects are Heat, Light and Gases.Changes that occour results in combustion or burning.The initial color of an explosion is bright yellow, bright orangish which gradually develops into bright thick red and die into a grayish and obscure color.Velocity of an ExplosionBlack powder detonates 3000-5000 feet per second.High ex plosives detonate from a range of 3300-29,000 fps.Primary effects from an ExplosionBlast pressure effect.(positive and negative effect)Fragmentation effect.Incendiary or thermal effect. ionization radiation.remainder radiation.Blast pressureBlast pressure are clasified into two categoriesPositive blastNegative blastPositive blast effectThe explosion creates a blast of pressure going outward in a 360 degree from the centre of blast.At a rate of 4000-27,000 fps.Negative blast effectThe explosion creates a nothingness of negative pressure that is diminished in strength in comparison of positive blast effect but still destructive enough to create an injury or death.The negative blast rushes gases and debris back towards the centre of blast.Fragmentation effectThe act or the process of scattering of fragments of an exploding bomb.The fragmentation can be defined as the process of dividing.As an explosion occurs the gas pressure released pick up all the debris and any obstacles that may be picked up, bent, fractured otherwise destroyed by the pressure from the blast.Incendiary or thermic effectThermal radiation can be defined as an electromagnetic radiation emitted from the surface of a material due to the particular temperature of the material.The intense amount of heat and light produced by a nuclear explosion.Example of Thermal effect would be heat so intense that the sand in the area is near the blast centre is turned into glass.Example of Incendiary effect would be the ignition of wooden framework of a come alonging causing the entire structure to burn to the ground in addition to blast damage.Ionization radiationIonizing radiation can be defined as the radiation that is capable of producing ions either directly or indirectly.Radiation of sufficient energy to evoke electrons from the atoms of cells and produce ions.Forms of ionization radiationHeat wavesRadio wavesX raysUltra violet lightInfra red lightResidual radiationResidual radiation can be defined as t he radio active materials emitted by a Nuclear explosion when an atomic blast occours.Which includes, Fission products, unfissioned nuclear materialResearch on the technical part of the ExplosionsWhat is the possible way to create an explosion for a short film?The best possible way to create an explosion for a short films areMiniature + real explosionMiniature + cgComplete CgMiniature + real explosionI build a miniature and fill it up with explosives. Rent a camera for the shoot and blow up the miniature in front of a black backround.Capture the video and then take it to compositing software.Miniature + CgI build a miniature and blow it up without any pyrotechnique.Rent a camera and capture the footage. bring out a Cg explosion. Use a compositing software and multiform the two videos.Complete CgI build a Cg miniature and create a Cg explosion. Then composite the two clips.Chapter 6Breif introduction about studios.How does the studios carry out dynamic simulations?Study of dynamic simulations achieved in movie 2012.Movie 2012Director Roland Emmerich take studio Scanline vfx(1990)Digital domain(1993)Double negative(1998)Sony pictures image works(1993)Pixomondo(2001)Hydrulx(2002)Crazy horse effects(2001)Evil eye pictures(1997)Gradient eye effectsunmapped territory(1999)Uncharted territoryAboutUncharted territory(llc) is one of the succesfull independent film production company established in 1999 by Visual Effects supervisory program Volker Engel and Visual Effects maker and Supervisor Marc Weigert. The studio focus on developing , producing and co-producing feature films, TV movies and mini-series in the action/adventure and sci-fi genres.The studio hires 30-40 artist for each project and dissolve them when the project is completed.Production focus 2012The studio was handed over 433 shots.They hired over 100 artists for the job to get do.Shot First half of los angeles body politicquake.(above)Earthquake preview done at llcUncharted territory started worki ng with the preview of earthquakes.when the visual feel of the earthquake was satisfied in the preview,they moved on to create in 3d.The whimsical thing about this shot is that it was 100% realistic digital enviornment and it has to neglect 100% realisticly.That was a huge challenge as they have to make sure the shading,texturing and lighting is correct and it looks realistic.But again as they have to visually show an eartquake of order of 10+, it makes the job even more difficult.Many of the shots in los angeles plane escape sequence the background showed huge amount of destructions of office buildings and many other which collapses and falls into the massive crack opened up on the earth surface.All these incidents have to be massive and huge.To make a collapsing building you need to have more than a building if it doesnt it looks unrealistic.fire,smoke,people,traffic,plants and many more to control a realistic look to that particular shot.It dosent end there as these objects c rack,collapse and collide with other objects it creates dust and secondary debris.(Above)Los angeles plane escape sequnce.bg was composited later on.(above)final compited shot.To visually display all these destructions one thing was quite clear from the rest of all that these destructions have to simulated using computer graphics.No cg software in the market was capabale of achieving it.so they have to build a tottaly parvenue software which supports the rigid body simulations,shattering objects,material properties and capable of running these simulations.They named the newely build softawre as DROP.DropThe software gives the artist an extra advantage to break a building at a particular point and how large or small the destruction should be and to which direction it should fall.Accurate calculation of the magnitude and the precision, accuracy of the collapse.The speed of the destruction and the stability.Ability to run the simulation thousand times faster with multiple geometry,wh ich widley provides time for the artist to test multiple simulations in a day.ar-winning Visual Effects Supervisor Volker Engel and Emmy-award winning Visual Effects Producer and Supervisor Marc Weigert.scar-winning Visual Effects Supervward winning Visual Effects Producer and Supervisor Marc WDouble NegativeAboutDouble Negative was set up in 1998 with 30 mental faculty.At present the studio has developed upto 700+staff making it one of the largest visual effects providers for films in Europe.They currently opened up a studio in Singapore with 50+ staff which works closely to the the main company in London.Production focus 2012Double Negatives most challenging part in 2012 was to create lava bombs and pyroclatic ashes at yellowstone.The solution to this outgrowth was to use pre simulated ashes and then importing it to the shot.The individual simulations were build in fluid dynamics.After much testing and running simulations they were able to simulate pyroclatic ashes in different sizes and shapes.The size were varying from a football to the size of a four story building.(Above)pyroclatic ashes varying from different sizes.Later stages they build lightweight rig in maya for the timing and placement of lava bombs.Once things was finalised the scene files exported to houdini were all the softbody,rigidbody simulations of lava bombs was solved.which included the impacting,soil and bedrock layers.(Above)lava bombscollision on the groundIn Houdini the artists will analyze the trajectory and direction of each lava bombs and then calculate the point of impact.Later they run a view of test simulations till they acheive what they wanted.And then as the lava bombs collides with the ground surface the ground breaks apart and throws up a lot of smoke dust and fire etc.When everything was finalised in Houdini they exported it back to maya for rendering.PixomondoAboutPixomondo was established in 2001 by CEO and executive producer Thilo kuther. Pixomondo is an internationa l visual effects studio which has branches all over Europe.They have a global network of studio in Berlin,Stuggart,Frankfurt,Munich,Shangahi,London and they recently opened up a studio in Los angeles.Pixomondo have positioned themselves on the frontier of the changing visual effects world.They have efficent and collaborative work blend across different time zones which established 247 production cycle.The studio offers supervision and production of Cg character creation3d animation and previsualisation of feature filmTelevision and commercial industry.They worked recently on films like 2012 and Ninja assasin.Production focus 2012The intense amount of destruction filmed in 2012 is the reflection of intense amount of previews the studio has worked.These preview was not just a percentage hand in the production and post-production phase it was equally important for the story telling phase.The previews also served the assistant directors for setting up lighting , camera place and many other technical issues.It widley helped the director to revision his ideas.Vfx supervisor Rainer Gombus worked closely with director from october 2008 with the previews.This team consist of a group of highly talent get going animation artist,lead visual effects artist ,producer and executive producer Thilo kuther.Work was seperated among the global studios under Pixomondo.They had to provide previews that satisfied sony pictures and which helps the film makers to enhance their production pipeline.Almost all the previews had water,fire,smoke etc..In some cases they were creating detailed number of differnt shots from different angles when storyboards didnt exsist.Digital DomainAboutDigital Domain was established in 1993 by film industry.The studio has done a lot of contribution to the film industry over the past decade and are still on the process of acheiving it in th future.They have worked on many award winning films like TitanicCurious case of Benjamin Button2012The studio recei ved three Academy awards for visual effects and four other awards for scientific and technical achievement.Production focus 2012(Above)plane escape shotDigital Domain was paired with Pixomondo to create the previews of plane escape shot from Los Angeles.Working on the camera moves,massive destruction and blocking out the rest.While Pixomondo was working on the previews the vfx supervisor of DD started working on the preproduction , focusing on blue cloak shots.The DD office in california started working with rd.They consisted of 150 artists and programers who started working from August 2008 and it lasted till July 2009.Shot describtionThe hero comes to resuce his children ,his ex wife and her newly met boyfriend.As the plane try to take off an earthquake occours creating a huge crack in the ground and try to suck the plane into it.But the hero manges to pull up from the pressure and manges to move around the collapsing city and finally escapes through the sea.(Above) ground crackP roductionOne of the shots at which the DD had to work was the plane lift up shot.Majority of the footage was animated action excluding the cg buildings and the road.The trees was done later procedurally.The footage was compiled with large number of photographs and merging them together,they had to model each single houses, buildings and other geometry.They hired a helicopter and continuelsy shot the footage,which was later merged in the actual shots.The runway set was made out of plywood framed platform with cylinders toped under it.A tarmic type texture was applied to it ,to give a more realistic look.The construction helped the technichians to squash, stretch and flex the runway. Ground cracking and debris was acheived through 2d tracking which required a lot of detailed paint works.Simulating these sequnces from scratch would be impossible.so they developed a library system and started modelling chunks of ravine each about 100 yards long, then layers and layers of rocks,debris a nd small simulated particles and volumentics on top of that.Each section of the collapse scene ran around 400 frames and each of them can be repeated as they wanted.This process allowed enough control for the artist to control where the wall would collapse and the number of frames it will take.When they finalised the shots its time to render it out.All the shots was renderd out in Renderman.Since the sequnce was during day it required straight onwards HDRI lighting.Each shot had around 30-40 render passes.All these was composited in Nuke.Chapter 7Emerging technologyNext limit Realflow 5Realflow 4 is a stand alone 3d simulation software which supports fluid simulation, such as water,rigid body,meshes and gaseous substances.The software is developed by Nextlimit technologies.The creator recieved an award from motion pictures of arts and science for the creation of Realflow in 2007.Realflow is based on particle simulation.It completly depends upon the physical properties to interact w ith each other and creates realistic aceleration,forces and impulses.These particles can be influenced by point based nodes cognize as daemons,which is a powerfull tool that can simulate the motion of gravity,twister and tsunami.Running platformsWorks both in 32 and 64 bits.Works on various operating systemsCompaitable with 3d studio max,Autodesk maya,Cinema 4d,Xsi and lightwave.Whats new in Realflow 5At Siggraph 2009 Nextlimit played a demo version of Realflow 5.Here are some cool new features that will be available in version 5.Particle based fluid simulationWhen comparing version 4 with version 5 , the version 5 can simulate much faster when using particle based solver.Hybrid based fluid solverThis new feature lets you simulate medium to large scale fluids.The solver has the ability to detect those areas that need more resolution and it will automatically generate particles in those areas. unsanded and updated pluginsNextlimit added up a new plugin for Houdini,Lightwave and Xsi. The plugins for Maya and 3dMax is also updated.Script udatedRealflow works on Pyhton scripting.The new C++ sdk script opens up different variations in simulating and helps in pipeline integration.New dynamic engine for softbody and rigidbodyThis new engine is developed from scratch and it is completly multithreaded.It has a new level of physical accuracy.Licence scheme updatedLike the previos versions of real flow version 5 dosent depend on cpu,it will be licensed by machine.